MedMij FHIR Implementation Guide basic GGZ data
MedMij:Vprepub/Issuebox FHIR IG
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1 Introduction
The page describes the FHIR requirements for exchanging GGZ information between the patients and healthcare providers in the context of MedMij.
Note: This implementation guide builds on the general guidelines described in the use case overarching principles.
2 Actors involved
| Actors | Systems | FHIR Capability Statements | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Description | Name | Description | Name | Description |
| Patient | The user of a personal healthcare enviorment. | PHR | Personal health record |  CapabilityStatement: Client
|
FHIR Client requirements |
| Healthcare professional | The user of a XIS | XIS | Healthcare information system | CapabilityStatement: Server
|
FHIR Server requirements |
3 Boundaries and Relationships
The GGZ use case has similarities and differences with other use cases such as the BgZ, Medication Process, Vital Signs, GP Patient Data and Lab Results. These use cases use much of the same HCIM based FHIR profiles for exchanging information. Wherever possible every attempt is made to re-use the profiles as used in the BgZ. The GGZ use case also has unique profiles compared to the aforementioned use cases. In addition, it has a CareTeam profile without an underlying HCIM. A second thing to note is that while the selection criteria of certain sections like procedure do not match with the BgZ or other use cases, this does not affect the profiles in use. For example, it is irrelevant for the response profile for procedures if you request ' surgical procedures' or 'every procedure'.
4 Use case: retrieve GGZ information
This FHIR implementation guide assumes that the PHR system is able to make a connection to the right XIS that contains the patient's information. It does not provide information on finding the right XIS nor does it provide information about security. Moreover, each transaction is performed in the context of a specific authenticated patient, for whose context (token) has been established using the authentication mechanisms described in the 'Afsprakenstelsel'. Each XIS Gateway is required to perform filtering based on the patient associated with the context for the request, so only the records associated with the authenticated patient are returned. For this reason, search parameters should not be included for patient identification.
4.1 PHR: request message
The PHR system requests the patients GGZ information using individual search interactions. The BgGGZ consists of multiple FHIR resources with certain constraints. To obtain the patient's BgGGZ, the client can use multiple individual search operations based on specified search queries. The interactions are performed by an HTTP GET as shown:
GET [base]/[type]{?[parameters]}
The table below shows in the first three columns the HCIM name in Dutch, in English and what HCIM content is requested. The last column shows the FHIR search queries to obtain this information. These queries and expected responses are based on StructureDefinitions listed in this section.
| HCIM NL | HCIM EN | Content | Search URL[1] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patient | Patient | Identification, birthdate, gender, deceasedindicator, contact details, marital status, legal status, and general practitioner (practitioner or organization) | GET [base]/Patient?_include=Patient:general-practitioner |
| BurgerlijkeStaat | MaritalStatus | Known marital status | see Patient |
| Betaler | Payer | Insurance information | GET [base]/Coverage?_include=Coverage:payor:Patient&_include=Coverage:payor:Organization |
| BehandelAanwijzing | TreatmentDirective | All known treatment directives | GET [base]/Consent?category=http://snomed.info/sct|11291000146105 |
| Wilsverklaring | AdvanceDirective | All known advance directives | GET [base]/Consent?category=http://snomed.info/sct|11341000146107 |
| JuridischeStatus | LegalStatus | Known legal status | see Patient and FreedomRestrictingMeasures procedure |
| VrijheidbeperkendeMaatregelen | FreedomRestrictingMeasures | All known freedom restricting measures | see Procedure |
| Contactpersoon | Contact | First relation/contact | see Patient.contact |
| FunctioneleOfMentaleStatus | FunctionalOrMentalStatus | All known functional / mental status | GET [base]/Observation?category=http://snomed.info/sct|118228005,http://snomed.info/sct|384821006 |
| Probleem | Problem | All known problems | GET [base]/Condition |
| Druggebruik | DrugUse | All known drug use | GET [base]/Observation?code=http://snomed.info/sct|228366006 |
| Alcoholgebruik | AlcoholUse | All known alcohol use | GET [base]/Observation?code=http://snomed.info/sct|228273003 |
| Tabakgebruik | TobaccoUse | All known tobacco use | GET [base]/Observation?code=http://snomed.info/sct|365980008 |
| Woonsituatie | LivingSituation | Last known living situation | GET [base]/Observation/$lastn?code=http://snomed.info/sct|365508006 |
| Gezinssituatie | FamilySituation | All known family situations | GET [base]/Observation?code=http://snomed.info/sct|365470003 |
| GezinssituatieKind | FamilySituationChild | All known family situations of child patient | GET [base]/Observation?code=http://snomed.info/sct|55801000146105 |
| Taalvaardigheid | LanguageProficiency | Known language proficiency | see Patient |
| ParticipatieInMaatschappij | ParticipationInSociety | All known participation in society status | GET [base]/Observation?code=http://snomed.info/sct|314845004 |
| HulpVanAnderen | HelpFromOthers | All known help from others | GET [base]/CarePlan?category=http://snomed.info/sct|243114000 |
| LaboratoriumUitslag | LaboratoryTestResult | Last known laboratory results per type (incl. medication levels like lithium) | GET [base]/Observation/$lastn?category=http://snomed.info/sct|275711006&_include=Observation:related-target&_include=Observation:specimen |
| AlgemeneMeting | GeneralMeasurement | All known questionaire (for example HONOS, OQ-45, CQ index, 4DKL) outcome scores. | GET [base]/Observation?category=http://hl7.org/fhir/observation-category|survey |
| Verrichting | Procedure | All known GGZ procedures (includes all known freedom restricting measures) | GET [base]/Procedure |
| TekstUitslag | TextResult | All known text results of GGZ procedures | GET [base]/DiagnosticReport |
| - | - | CareTeam: primary healthprofessional and other relevant healthprofessionals including the healthcare provider. | GET [base]/CareTeam?_include=CareTeam:participant |
| Zorgverlener | HealthProfessional | General Practitioner of the patient | see Patient, CareTeam |
| Zorgaanbieder | HealthProvider | General Practitioner's organization of the patient | see Patient, CareTeam |
- ↑ See Search URLs and search parameters for the interpretation of these search URLs
4.2 XIS: response message
Important sections of the FHIR specification for a server in this use case are the RESTful API section the search section.
4.2.1 Response to resource requests
If the search succeeds, the server SHALL return a 200 OK HTTP status code and the returned content SHALL be a Bundle with type = searchset containing the results of the search as a collection of zero or more resources in a defined order. The returned content SHALL conform to the StructureDefinition applicable for the specific HCIM request. The list of a StructureDefinitions relevant for this use case is shown in the following paragraph: List of StructureDefinitions
The result collection can be long, so servers may use paging. If they do, they SHALL use the method described below (adapted from RFC 5005 (Feed Paging and Archiving ) for breaking the collection into pages if appropriate. The server MAY also return an OperationOutcome resource within the searchset Bundle entries that contains additional information about the search; if one is sent it SHALL NOT include any issues with a fatal or error severity, and it SHALL be marked with a Bundle.entry.search.mode of outcome.
In order to allow the client to be confident about what search parameters were used as criteria by the server, the server SHALL return the parameters that were actually used to process the search. Applications processing search results SHALL check these returned values where necessary. For example, if the server did not support some of the filters specified in the search, a client might manually apply those filters to the retrieved result set, display a warning message to the user or take some other action.
In the case of a RESTful search, these parameters are encoded in the self-link in the bundle that is returned:
<link>
<relation value="self"/>
<url value="http://example.org/Patient?identifier=[Patient-ID]/>
</link>
Link to the relevant FHIR specification: http://hl7.org/fhir/STU3/http.html#search
4.2.2 Handling errors
If the search fails (cannot be executed, not that there are no matches), the return value is a status code 4xx or 5xx with an OperationOutcome. An HTTP status code of 403 signifies that the server refused to perform the search, while other 4xx and 5xx codes signify that some sort of error has occurred. The HTTP status code 404 is returned if a XIS did not implement an endpoint used in a request by a PHR. When the search fails, a server SHOULD return an OperationOutcome detailing the cause of the failure. For example, in case of a not implemented FHIR endpoint, the OperationOutcome would state that the resource type is not supported. Note: an empty search result is not a failure.
Common HTTP Status codes returned on FHIR-related errors (in addition to normal HTTP errors related to security, header and content type negotiation issues):
- 400 Bad Request - search could not be processed or failed basic FHIR validation rules
- 401 Not Authorized - authorization is required for the interaction that was attempted
- 404 Not Found - resource type not supported, or not a FHIR end-point
In some cases, parameters may cause an error. For instance:
- A parameter may refer to a non-existent resource e.g.
GET [base]/Observation?subject=101, where "101" does not exist - A parameter may refer to an unknown code e.g.
GET [base]/Observation?code=loinc|1234-1, where the LOINC code "1234-1" is not known to the server - A parameter may refer to a time that is out of scope e.g.
GET [base]/Condition?onset=le1995, where the system only has data going back to 2001 - A parameter may use an illegal or unacceptable modifier e.g.
GET [base]/Condition?onset:text=1995, where the modifier cannot be processed by the server - A data time parameter may have incorrect format e.g.
GET [base]/Condition?onset=23%20May%202009 - A parameter may be unknown or unsupported
Where the content of the parameter is syntactically incorrect, servers SHOULD return an error. However, where the issue is a logical condition (e.g. unknown subject or code), the server SHOULD process the search, including processing the parameter - with the result of returning an empty search set, since the parameter cannot be satisfied.
In such cases, the search process MAY include an OperationOutcome in the search set that contains additional hints and warnings about the search process. This is included in the search results as an entry with search mode = outcome. Clients can use this information to improve future searches.
Link to relevant FHIR specification: http://hl7.org/fhir/STU3/search.html#errors
4.3 The lastn operation
The following operation is needed for this use case.
The lastn query meets the common need for searching for the most recent or last n=number of observations for a subject. For example, retrieving the last 5 temperatures for a patient to view trends or fetching the most recent laboratory results or vital signs. The link will provide more detailed information and examples regarding this operation.
The FHIR STU3 specification is vague regarding the sorting mechanism of lastn. In FHIR R4 however, this has been clarified and can be read as follows: when using lastn, the effective[x] element is used for sorting of Observations, sorted from most recent to the oldest.
_include]
4.4 List of StructureDefinitions
The profiles represent their entire respective HCIM and are applicable in a broader context than the exchange of GGZ information.
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MedMij uses the FHIR Packaging mechanism. This conveniently bundles all examples, profiles and other conformance resources you need into a single archive, which can be downloaded or installed using the appropriate FHIR tooling. This version of the information standard uses the following packages: Note: any other version with the same major.minor version is compatible. See Semantic Versioning for more information. |
* LegalStatus is a single concept of the HCIM FreedomRestrictingMeasures and does not represent a complete HCIM yet. This concept will become an indepentend HCIM in a future release of the HCIM.
Example instances of FHIR resources can be found on Simplifier. Please note: every effort has been made to ensure that the examples are correct and useful, but they are not a normative part of any information standard.
5 Terminology, NamingSystems, Mappings
5.1 Terminology
Relevant ValueSets can be found through the ValueSet bindings in the listed StructureDefinitions. All ValueSets can be found here here and can be downloaded as a .zip in XML or JSON format.
5.2 NamingSystems
Relevant NamingSystems can be found here.
5.3 Mappings
A FHIR ConceptMap resource is provided when a FHIR value set is used instead of a HCIM value set. A ConceptMap maps the values between the two value sets. These ConceptMaps can be found here.
An explanation about mappings can be found at Mapping of coded concepts.
6 Release notes
Release notes can be found on the functional design page.
